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Zenta
Logina was born in Riga on 23 August 1908 in a family of Karlis
Knope, a civil servant and designer by profession. The whole family
moved to Moscow during the World War I and there her father managed
to find a job and thus ensured the survival of his family. In 1920
the family returned to Latvia.
In 1925 she became a student of the Latvian Academy of Art. Her
professor at the painting workshop was Romans Suta. However she
left the Academy in 1928 to continue her development until 1931
in private studios of Romans Suta and Sergey Vinogradov, a member
of Academy. During the 30-s she takes a job of daytime assistant
at Suta's studio and goes to Berlin in 1936 to study textile design.
Zenta Knope - Logina makes her first public appearance in 1932 at
the art show of the society "The Green Crow" and since
then she participates in yearly shows arranged by the Culture Fund
and the Society of Latvian Artists as well as in many other exhibitions.
The reviews written by the art critics were mostly favourable to
the young artist's work of this period - figurative compositions,
still life, landscapes and portraits.
In 1933 the artist marries Mr. Bonifacijs Logins. The Soviet authorities
arrest her husband in 1941 and for many years to come the artist
is in a state of painful obscurity about her husband's fate. No
information is given by the soviet prosecutor's office and the same
situation continues during the German invasion. In 1948, still unable
to find out what happened to her husband, the artist has to file
a divorce in law-court. Only then she was told that her husband
had been dead since 1942. However Zenta refused to believe in the
official statement issued by the Court and continued to live in
expectation of her husband's comeback... The canvases created in
the 30-s were signed "Z. Knope-Logina" but the works of
later periods were signed simply "Z. Logina" - probably
as a manifestation of undefeated mind.
The
artist has no studio of her own after the war and has to live and
work in a communal apartment. Nevertheless it was in these years
of desperation and unfulfilled hope that the artist created so many
highly emotional and full of warmth paintings of flowers, genre
paintings, landscapes and urban scenes, marines.
In 1945 Zenta Logina joins the painter's section of the Soviet Latvian
Artist's Society. She participates in art shows arranged in Riga
and in Moscow as well as is several times commissioned by the government.
In 1950 the artist is expelled from the Artist's Society, the official
pretext being put in the following wording: "Due to insufficient
creative activity that has caused a decline in artistic level; at
present it does not correspond to the demands applied to the members
of the Artist's Society of the USSR". This meant a loss of
right of presenting her work in public. This was also the starting
point of her life in isolation, which lasted until her last day
in this world. Nevertheless she never stopped her work.
In 1953 she was renewed in the Artist's Society but only in the
section of applied art with a limited right to exhibit only textile
artwork.
In 50-s or to make her living she is drawing sketches of warps for
textile industry. The archive entries of that period testify that
she has been selling her books, furniture and other personal effects.
Not only was Zenta Logina deprived of the right to present her work
in public, to be evaluated by colleagues and to be admired by viewers
but also the KGB starts persecution. From the note written to her
sister in 12 May 1958: "I was summoned to the KGB for interrogation.
Immediately after you left, a man came with orders. Said it would
last only one hour. I had to be there at 230 PM and now it is already
3 PM. I think I should better go. Don't worry. I have to go to 61
Lenin Street, room 605."
There are several stages in the artistic development of Zenta Logina.
The early painting - portraits, landscapes, still-lives, figurative
compositions are undoubtedly talented and fit into the general context
of stylistic properties of Latvian painting at that time. In her
work one can sense some link to the tradition of the past but at
the same time there is a quest for new artistic possibilities.
In the 40-s and 50-s the artist works heavily in the genre of still
life. It is easier for her to solve purely artistic tasks and play
with colour schemes in her many freely painted flower compositions.
For her it is the time for deep internal reflection and accumulation
of creative potential - a kind of preparation for a new period of
creativity when all the might and unique attractiveness of the artist's
talent would be revealed.
In the sixties the artistic manner of Zenta Logina is changing:
the artist has such a rich imagination and internal world that the
transition from the depiction of real world to abstract expression
happens easy and in a natural way. The essence and style of these
canvases are totally different from her earlier work: many of them
are devoted to Universe and are a kind of testimony to the internal
growth of the artist herself revealing deep philosophic reflection.
The incessant aptness to overcome the customary limitations, to
experiment with form and material in order to express her own ideas
more vividly and precisely, is gradually turning into a cornerstone
of the creative personality of Zenta Logina. More and more often
Logina is dissatisfied with painting in one dimension: she now makes
reliefs and sculptural creations in a unique technical manner. Observing
the work of Zenta Logina completed during the last decade of her
life it is hard to imagine that all this manifold exposure was created
by one fragile woman - these works are so saturated with ideas that
there is a feeling that the artist sometimes had problems with the
implementation of all visions of her imagination.
Since 1967 in many art shows in our country and abroad tapestry
made from the sketches of Zenta Logina by her sister Elize Atare
(1915-1993) is regularly exhibited - thus providing the only public
information about life and work of Zenta Logina. Only the closest
friends and relatives know that the artist keeps up intensive work
in her communal apartment.
Elize
Atare has been living together with her sister since the 40-s and
relieved her from all daily problems of practical life in order
to let Zenta engage in creative work freely. To be able to implement
the artistic ideas of her sister, she mastered the art of weaving
being 48 years old and later developed a unique technology of gobelin
making.
Zenta Logina met her fate in 21 December 1983. After three years
in March-April 1987 her first personal show is arranged in St. Peter's
church in Riga. Only her sister selected the works of artist's latest
period (Her sister selected only the works of artist's latest period).
About 40 thousand viewers visited the show during the short twenty
six days in spring 1987.
The next personal shows of Zenta Logina took place in Tukums Art
museum (1995) and in the gallery of the Artist's Society (1996).
A show of textiles made by Zenta Logina and Elize Atare is opened
in the Museum of Decorative and Applied Art in Riga in December
1998 and a simultaneous personal show of Zenta Logina is arranged
in the gallery "Asuna".
Most of her art made in classical genres have never been exhibited
up to this day.
The works of Zenta Logina are deposited in the collections of the
Museum of Decorative and Applied Art in Riga, Latvian Artist's Society,
Art Museum "Arsenals", self-government of Riga, St. Peter's
church in Riga, State Company "Litta" in Riga, Art Show
Directorate in Moscow, Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics in Moscow,
in Dodge Collection (Zimmerli Art Museum at Rutgers University,
New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA) as well as in private collections.
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